Valorisation of biomass waste into bioproduct: Potential use of cannabis extracts for bacterial inhibition activity

Cannabis Sativa is a plant containing two main active components; tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol that can be widely used in pharmacological and medical benefits. Main parts such as seeds, flowers, and leaves are mostly used in several applications; medicines, beverages and foods. While other parts such as stems and incomplete leaves (withered-, dried, and spotted-) were removed to disposal. In this research, cannabis leaves were extracted using 3 solvents namely deionized water, ethanol, and hexane.The extracts were determined to inhibit two pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus). Some parameters; ratios of extracts: solvents (1:5, 1:7 and 1:10) and temperatures (30 °C, 35 °C and 40 °C) were also considered. The results revealed that extracts yield and total phenolic compound (TPC) content slightly increased as all parameters increased. The maximum yield and TPC content were 16.46% and 64.14 mg GAE/g DW when hexane was applied under ratio of 1:10 at 35°C. The extracts obtained from all conditions could inhibit bacterial inoculation. Furthermore, the use of hexane yielded more effective inhibitor than the cases of water and ethanol. Moreover, extracts were also able to inhibit both bacteria at the lowest concentration for tests of minimum inhibition concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration.