The use of recycled human food wastes and unconsumed leftovers in the aquaculture industry for the partial replacement of commercial manufactured fishmeal-based feeds as a more sustainable and environmentally friendly practice: Recent research and finding

Food waste or leftovers generated by various raw or processed food materials that are not consumed but instead are usually disposed to waste landfills are regarded as a global issue which impacts human health and environmental sustainability. An enormous pressure in disposing of food wastes in landfill sites already exists and is predicted to be increased during the forthcoming years whereas simultaneously various environmental problems associated with solid wastes have to be solved. On the other hand, a percentage higher than 60% of the operational costs of any modern aquaculture industry concerns the supplies of protein-enriched- aquafeeds which among other characteristics are commercially manufactured sources of additional healthy nutritious and digestible proteins that tend to be expensive. Recent research and published data evaluating the use of recycled food wastes as a partial replacement of fishmeal-based feeds in diets of several species suggest that this can be considered as a more sustainable and environmentally friendly practice.